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  zoey(2013-10-14 20:00:05, Hit : 1096, Vote : 120
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http://www.forbes.com/sites/realspin/2013/10/11/a-srebenica-esque-massacre-has-recently-taken-place-in-north-koreas-killing-fields/

http://www.chicagotribune.com/news/politics/chi-nsc-a-srebenica-esque-massacre-has-recently-taken-20131011,0,1827534.story


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·Î¹öÆ® ¹Ú(Robert Park)Àº ºÏÇÑ¿¡ ¾ç½É¼ö·Î ¼ö°¨µÈ ¹Ù ÀÖÀ¸¸ç Àαǿ°¡·Î¼­ ºÏÇÑ ³»¿¡¼­ ÀÚÇàµÇ´Â Áý´ÜÇлì°ú ¹ÝÀεµ¹üÁË¿¡ ÀúÇ×Çϱâ À§ÇÏ¿© 2009³â ¼ºÅºÀý³¯ ÀÔºÏÇß´Ù. ÃÊ´çÆÄ(nonpartisan) ´ÜüÀÎ ºÏÇÑÀÇ Áý´ÜÇлìÀ» ¸·±â À§ÇÑ Àü¼¼°èÀû ¿¬´ë (Worldwide Coalition to Stop Genocide in North Korea)ÀÇ ¼³¸³ ȸ¿øÀÌ¸ç ºÏÇÑ »çÅ¿¡ °üÇÑ ±×ÀÇ ±ÛÀº ¿ö½ÌÅÏ Æ÷½ºÆ®, ÇϹöµå ÀÎÅͳ׼ųΠ¸®ºä, San Jose Mercury News, South China Morning Post, The Hill, Asia Times, TheDiplomat, Global Post, Haaretz, The Korea Herald, Korea Times, World Policy,National Post, Jerusalem Post, Forbes, Columbia Journal of InternationalAffairs, World Affairs Journal ¹× ´Ù¼ö ¾ð·Ð°ú °£Ç๰µé¿¡ ±âÀçµÇ¾ú´Ù.

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A Srebrenica-EsqueMassacre Has Recently Taken Place In North Korea's Killing Fields
(Forbes, October11, 2013)

ByRobert Park
The disappearance ofsome 20,000 prisoners of conscience, and possibly many more, from North Korea'sCamp 22-a massive concentration camp neighboring Hoeryong city which wasgeographically larger than Los Angeles and thought to have once held between30,000 and 50,000 captives-cannot represent anything less than aSrebrenica-level massacre of an already enslaved and frightfully brutalizedpopulation. Satellite photographs indicate that guard posts, interrogation anddetention facilities at the camp had been razed last year; by which time thosegroundlessly accused and exploited had all of a sudden been reduced to about3,000.

While an estimated7,000-8,000 prisoners are believed by some observers to have been spirited awayat nighttime via train to analogous slave labor/death camps No. 16 (located ina secluded mountain area in Hwasong County), and No. 25 (near the city ofChongjin), the rest remain thoroughly unaccounted for. In an August report,David Hawk of the Washington D.C.-based Committee for Human Rights in NorthKorea (HRNK) stated appertaining to Camp 22's rapid depopulation: "If evenremotely accurate, this is an atrocity requiring much closerinvestigation."

North Korea'sreasons for shuttering this camp-plainly a remorseless and genocidal attempt todivert, cover-up and avoid accountability-should not be a conundrum for anyone.On the basis of voluminous testimony from former camp guards Ahn Myong-chol andKwon Hyuk, men who not only bore witness to but also themselves carried outacts of genocide and perpetrated crimes against humanity (although it is truethese men would have also been killed if they had refused to), worldwideattention has been focused on the international transgressions which took placedaily at Camp 22; a literal killing field, the conditions of which are thearchetype for the majority of North Korea's prison camps.

Perhaps mostshocking amid the revelations of the DPRK's inhumanity provided by Ahn andKwon's lengthy, detailed confessions (Ahn wrote a book and has been the subjectof numerous interviews and studies while Kwon has been the focal point of twoinvestigative documentaries), are assertions of human vivisection, and chemicaland biological weapon experiments on prisoners-including the murdering of wholefamilies in poisonous and asphyxiant gas chambers.

The 2004 BBC ThisWorld documentary Access to Evil brought before the world eyewitnesstestimonies and hard evidence (e.g., DPRK documents) suggesting that humanexperimentation was taking place on a widespread and systematic level insideNorth Korea's prison camps. The BBC's Olenka Frenkiel spoke at length withKwon, the former chief of management at North Korea's Camp 22 and formermilitary attacheat the North Korean embassy in Beijing, in addition to victims,North Korean officials, activists and outside observers.

Hyuk was shownsketching an intricate diagram of a North Korean gas chamber, describing it asfollows: "The glass chamber is sealed airtight. It is 3.5 meters wide, 3mlong and 2.2m high. There is the injection tube going through the unit.Normally, a family sticks together and individual prisoners stand separatelyaround the corners. Scientists observe the entire process from above, throughthe glass."

He told Frenkielmatter-of-factly: "I watched a whole family being tested on suffocatinggas and dying in the gas chamber: Parents, one son and a daughter. The parentswere vomiting and dying, but until the very last moment they tried to save thekids by doing mouth-to-mouth breathing. For the first time it hit me that evenprisoners are capable of powerful human affection."

When asked how hefelt about the children who were being murdered in such a cruel manner, hecandidly replied: "It would be a total lie to say I felt sympathy for thechildren dying such a painful death. In the society and the regime I was under,I just felt they were enemies. So I felt no sympathy or pity for them atall."

Lee Soon-ok, asurvivor of Kaechon Concentration Camp (aka Kyo-hwa-so No. 1), further detailedthe usage of North Korea's victims as test subjects for chemical and biologicalwarfare: "An officer ordered me to select 50 healthy female prisoners. Oneof the guards handed me a basket full of soaked cabbage, told me not to eat itbut to give it to the 50 women. I gave them out and heard a scream. They wereall screaming and vomiting blood. All who ate the cabbage leaves startedviolently vomiting blood and screaming with pain. It was hell. In less than 20minutes, they were dead."

The film confirmedtestimony from camp survivors going back to the late 1990's, and charges ofhuman experimentation in North Korea continue to be further substantiated bymore recent accounts, including those of North Korean chemists, former securityofficials and former prisoners. For example, in 2005 associate dean of theSimon Wiesenthal Center Abraham Cooper wrote a commentary that was published inthe Washington Post about a North Korean scientist he had interviewed in Seoulcalled Dr. Lee Byom-shik (pseudonym), then 55, who "helped develop deadlyagents" and "matter-of-factly described" how he gassed twopolitical prisoners in 1979 while his colleagues took notes. In a separatearticle about the aforesaid scientist in March of 2004, Barbara Demick of theLos Angeles Times stated that South Korea's Unification Ministry had confirmedhis status and vocation as a senior official at a research laboratory in thecity of Hamhung and that rights groups found his story to be credible.

In 2002, RENK, anestablished Tokyo-based NGO, interviewed Dong Chun-ok who was a former nuclearresearcher at the Yongbyon Nuclear Research Center where she said research forchemical weapons took place in addition to nuclear development. She stated thatin the research laboratories in Hamhung chemical and biological weaponexperiments took place on "prisoners or felons by using injections."

Another North Koreandefector who was forcibly repatriated from China in 2004, Kang Byong-sop, hadclaimed to be the chief electrical engineer at a chemical factory in SouthHamgyong and to have smuggled out official "letters of transfer" forinmates from Camp 22 to be sent to the chemical complex for the "purposeof human experimentation for liquid gas." Kim Sang-hun, a retired U.N.official and chairman of the Database Center for North Korean Human Rightsstated to the Los Angeles Times that he had known members of Kang's family foryears, and that after carefully examining the papers, which carried theofficial stamp of North Korea's State Security Agency, he was "absolutelyconvinced [the letters] are genuine." Kang is believed to have been huntedand arrested with Chinese-North Korean collaboration on the Chinese-Laotianborder with his wife and youngest son after smuggling the documents out ofNorth Korea. He was forced upon repatriation to give a complete retraction andpoint-by-point counter-story and has not been heard from since. His other son,Kang Seong-kuk, was reported at the time to have narrowly escaped an abductionattempt by North Korean agents in Thailand.

Kim Sang-hun told AlJazeera in 2009 that "Human experimentation is a widespread practice ...The program is now a commonly known fact in the North Korean public." ImChun-yong, a former member of North Korea's elite special forces asserted to AlJazeera for the same report: "If you are born mentally or physicallydeficient ... the government says your best contribution to society... is as aguinea pig for biological and chemical weapons testing." His thencommander was said to have given up his 12 year old daughter who was mentallydisabled for the practice, while another of his colleagues who was guarding atesting facility witnessed "a number of people" murdered via"poisonous gas" in a "glass chamber." In 2006, RiKwang-chol, a North Korean physician was reported by Reuters to have said thatthe DPRK murdered people with physical disabilities "almost as soon asthey were born" and that "there are no people with physical defectsin North Korea." In May of this year, Joanna Hosaniak of the CitizensAlliance for North Korean Human Rights (NKHR) headquartered in Seoul delivereda report affirming North Korea was presiding over chemical and biologicalweapon experiments on disabled children based on recent testimony from ahigh-level North Korean government official who defected in 2012 andcorroborated by a former DPRK police officer. The former government officialreferred to a "Hospital 83" on an island off the coast of SouthHamgyong where children with disabilities were being used for "medicaltests such as dissection of body parts, as well as tests of biological andchemical weapons."

Witness toTransformation: Refugee Insights Into North Korea, a 2011 study by StephanHaggard and Marcus Noland of the Peterson Institute for International Economicsbased on interviews with over 1600 North Korean refugees, found that 55 percentof North Koreans queried in China who had experienced incarceration at a DPRKpolitical detention facility believed that prisoners were victims of medicalexperimentation. The distinct and varied character of refugees' responses topreceding questions suggested that "respondents were not simply providinganswers that they had intuited the interviewers wanted to hear."

Camp 14: TotalControl Zone, a 2012 documentary by German director Marc Wiese has won a slewof international honors and continues to raise the profile of North Korea'sappalling and unparalleled humanitarian and human rights emergency. The hero ofthe film is Mr. Shin Dong-hyuk, recipient of the 2013 Moral Courage Award fromGeneva-based NGO UN Watch and one of the only known surviving escapees of thewan-jeon-tong-je-kyuk, or "total-control zone" Camp 14 (KaechonInternment Camp). Shin was born and lived the first 24 years of his life as aslave within the concentration camp, was systematically denied everyfundamental human right, suffered unspeakable brutality and witnessed countlessexecutions including those of his own mother and brother. His "crime"was to have had relatives, whom he never knew, that fled to South Korea asrefugees during the Korean War.

In addition toShin-who is the film's sole protagonist-a former member of North Korea's secretpolice (Oh Yang-nam) and Kwon Hyuk participated in extensive interviews for thecritically-acclaimed film which Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF)calls "one of the most important documentaries of our time." Wiesetold the Guardian in reference to his conversations with Kwon: "I'mconvinced he has a sadistic side, because he's smiling. He's talking aboutrape. It's impossible to smile. Around 50% of the material with him was simplynot usable. It was too tough ... If ever a human rights court is establishedfor North Korea, they can have my raw material, and it's enough to sentencethem both."

An earlier film byWiese dealt with the search to find the former Bosnian Serb politician and warcriminal Radovan Karadzic. In contrast to the murderers he interviewed for the2004 film, Wiese told Bloomberg he was "shocked" by the way theformer North Korean officials seemed to have no remorse for their deeds-countingmass murder and rape-stating: "These guys were coming and saying, 'I saw awoman, I raped her ... if she refused, I killed her. If she got pregnant, wekilled her.'"

Shin's testimony isuniversally credited as being the main catalyst to have compelled the UnitedNations to launch an investigation into rights violations U.N. HighCommissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay, with whom Shin met in December oflast year, declared in January had "no parallel anywhere in theworld," "should be unthinkable in the 21st century," and that"the time had come for a full-fledged international inquiry into seriouscrimes that had been taking place in the country for decades." The U.N.Commission of Inquiry chaired by Australia's former High Court Judge MichaelKirby is now underway. After hearing numerous testimonies from North Korea'svictims who were able to escape, Kirby has been moved to the level of tears andsaid to reporters last month: "An image flashed across my mind of theAllied soldiers, Russian, American, British, at the end of the Second WorldWar, and the discovery of prison camps in the countries that had been occupiedby Nazi forces."

Blaine Harden,author of the internationally best-selling book about Shin Escape from Camp 14:One Man's Remarkable Odyssey from North Korea to Freedom in the West, told NPRin 2012 a former North Korean camp guard (most likely Ahn) had said to him that"there were a lot of people in the camps who had it tougher than Shin.Shin had it relatively easy. That's why he was strong, and that's why he hadthe capacity to get out." The possibility that a significant number ofNorth Korea's prison camp population have had it "tougher" than Mr.Shin may be difficult for non-North Koreans to grasp or imagine. But the pointis a salient one for the outside world to begin understanding the sheer gravityof the crimes which have been perpetrated against the North Korean people.

A "full-fledgedinternational inquiry" will be far from complete without carefulexamination of all existing forms of evidence which suggest that the so-calledDemocratic People's Republic of Korea has and continues to, in the words of aJune 13 White House statement on chemical weapons in Syria, cross "clearred lines that have existed within the international community fordecades."

As for the tens ofthousands who vanished from Camp 22, it is not difficult to ascertain whathappened.

In the words ofKwon:
"If a politicalprisoner breaks a camp rule, than not only his family, but also the five neighboringfamilies are killed, because of collective responsibility. I once killed 31people, all the members of five families." (BBC, 1 February 2004)

In the words of Ahn:
"We wererepeatedly taught they were the national traitors and we have to eradicatethree generations of their families." (Associated Press, 29 October 2008)

Robert Park is a former prisoner ofconscience and human rights activist who entered North Korea on Christmas day2009 to protest against genocide and crimes against humanity taking placewithin the country. He is a founding member of the nonpartisan WorldwideCoalition to Stop Genocide in North Korea and his writings on the North Koreacrisis have been published in the Washington Post, Harvard InternationalReview, San Jose Mercury News, South China Morning Post, The Hill, Asia Times,The Diplomat, Global Post, Haaretz, The Korea Herald, Korea Times, WorldPolicy, National Post, Jerusalem Post, Forbes, Columbia Journal ofInternational Affairs, World Affairs Journal and numerous other publications.




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